Unit rationale, description and aim

Teaching science in primary school contexts is critical to Australia’s future. Developing scientific knowledge, understandings and skills supports children to become informed citizens who can make informed decisions about local, national and global socio-scientific issues like sustainability.

This unit contributes to the recognition of a teacher’s responsibility to the common good, through raising awareness about the environment and society through the development of knowledge and skills for teaching science to children, including Western and Indigenous perspectives of science. Pre-service teachers will think critically and creatively about the Australian Curriculum: Science and relevant state-based curriculum. The assessment in this unit provides opportunities to demonstrate scientific content and pedagogical content knowledge for teaching, and scientific inquiry skills for conducting investigations. Pre-service teachers will connect understandings about learners, learning and diversity to science pedagogies for practical application in the classroom. They also will consider issues related to equity of access and safety in conducting scientific activities in school and other learning contexts.

The aim of the unit is for pre–service teachers to demonstrate the values, knowledge, skills and attitudes of a competent and confident teacher of science to children.

2027 10

Campus offering

No unit offerings are currently available for this unit.

Prerequisites

Nil

Incompatible

EDSI291 Teaching Primary Science

Learning outcomes

To successfully complete this unit you will be able to demonstrate you have achieved the learning outcomes (LO) detailed in the below table.

Each outcome is informed by a number of graduate capabilities (GC) to ensure your work in this, and every unit, is part of a larger goal of graduating from ACU with the attributes of insight, empathy, imagination and impact.

Explore the graduate capabilities.

Explain scientific concepts and content relevant t...

Learning Outcome 01

Explain scientific concepts and content relevant to investigations and plans to be used with diverse early and/or primary learners.
Relevant Graduate Capabilities: GC1, GC3, GC7, GC9, GC11, GC12

Use scientific, literacy, numeracy and digital ski...

Learning Outcome 02

Use scientific, literacy, numeracy and digital skills and process in planning, conducting, reporting and reflecting on scientific investigations.
Relevant Graduate Capabilities: GC1, GC2, GC3, GC8, GC9, GC10, GC11, GC12

Align relevant curriculum documentation to plans f...

Learning Outcome 03

Align relevant curriculum documentation to plans for investigations and learning sequences to promote science learning in early learning and/or primary contexts.
Relevant Graduate Capabilities: GC2, GC7, GC9, GC11

Examine the use of evidence-based pedagogies for t...

Learning Outcome 04

Examine the use of evidence-based pedagogies for teaching and assessing science with early and primary learners across the full range of abilities.
Relevant Graduate Capabilities: GC1, GC2, GC7, GC10, GC11

Evaluate teaching strategies for inquiry-based sci...

Learning Outcome 05

Evaluate teaching strategies for inquiry-based scientific learning with reference to relevant theory and research about learning in science.
Relevant Graduate Capabilities: GC1, GC2, GC7, GC11

Content

Topics will include:

·        Theories about science, including western and Indigenous knowledges and systems

·        Theories about learning in science, including constructivist, inquiry-based and Indigenous approaches

·        The scientific method, inquiry as process and product

·        Analysing early years and primary curriculum for science teaching and learning in the Australian context

·        Conducting investigations to interrogate science concepts relevant to the biological, chemical, physical and earth and space sciences

·        Health and safety for hands-on science experiences

·        Safe, ethical and responsible use of ICTs in science, including generative artificial Intelligence

·        Inquiry based pedagogies, including fair tests, the 5Es and other models

·        Design based pedagogies

·        Teaching strategies and pedagogies for working scientifically, including exploring, observing, representing, classifying

·        Teaching strategies and pedagogies for developing skills for doing science, including scientific, literacy, numeracy and digital skills

·        Teaching strategies and pedagogies for communicating scientific content and processes, including explicit explanations and instructions, questioning and using scaffolds and worked examples

·        Aligning teaching and learning with the needs of diverse learners

Assessment strategy and rationale

A range of assessment procedures is used to meet the unit learning outcomes and develop pre-service teachers’ content and pedagogical content knowledge for teaching science.

Task 1 actively engages pre-service teachers in conducting scientific investigations to develop their scientific knowledge and skills across relevant disciplinary areas. They will complete a series of structured and scaffolded investigations before undertaking an open-ended inquiry to follow their own line of interest. Ongoing feedback will be provided between investigations.

Task 2 asks pre-service teachers to work with curriculum and planning documentation to develop teaching plans for early or primary learners, focussing on selecting, explaining and justifying evidence-based science teaching pedagogies. Appropriate ethical and responsible use of generative artificial intelligence in completing these tasks will be appropriately scaffolded.

The assessment tasks for this unit are designed to demonstrate the achievement of the unit learning outcomes. To pass this unit, pre-service teachers must complete and submit both assessment tasks and achieve a passing grade of 50% for Task 2 and the unit overall.

Overview of assessments

Assessment Task 1: Multimodal Logbook of Science ...

Assessment Task 1: Multimodal Logbook of Science

Compile a multimodal logbook that provides evidence of the conduct of four scientific investigations, including written, visual and audiovisual material, to report and reflect on scientific content knowledge and inquiry skills. The four investigations should demonstrate knowledge and understanding across the four science disciplinary areas; biological, chemical, physical, and earth and space sciences. Consideration should be given to curriculum alignment and safety to show how the inquiry can be used in early and primary contexts. Three of your investigations can be selected from the structured inquiries provided in the unit, and the fourth should be designed and conducted independently. 


Weighting

50%

Learning Outcomes LO1, LO2, LO3
Graduate Capabilities GC1, GC2, GC3, GC7, GC8, GC9, GC10, GC11, GC12
Standards APST(GA)2.1, APST(GA)2.3, APST(GA)2.5, APST(GA)2.6, APST(GA)3.4, APST(GA)4.2, APST(GA)4.4

Assessment Task 2: Unit Plan Analysis and Lesson ...

Assessment Task 2: Unit Plan Analysis and Lesson Application

Find or generate a unit plan based on a relevant Australian curriculum document for teaching a selected science topic. Conduct an analysis of the plan with reference to evidence-based pedagogies for teaching, learning and assessing science. Propose elaborations and modifications needed to ensure that the plan will effectively support learning in science. Then, select one hands-on science activity, inquiry or experience included in the unit and develop a detailed lesson plan, with related formative assessments and resources, that demonstrates how you would effectively and safely enact scientific teaching and learning. 


Weighting

50%

Learning Outcomes LO1, LO2, LO3, LO4, LO5
Graduate Capabilities GC1, GC2, GC3, GC7, GC8, GC9, GC10, GC11, GC12
Standards APST(GA)2.1, APST(GA)2.2, APST(GA)2.3, APST(GA)2.5, APST(GA)2.6, APST(GA)3.2, APST(GA)3.3, APST(GA)3.4, APST(GA)4.2, APST(GA)4.4

Learning and teaching strategy and rationale

In line with social constructivist principles, this unit is premised on the belief that learning in science should build on prior knowledge, connect with learner needs and interests, and encourage active participation. The learning materials for this unit will cover key concepts across the four science disciplinary areas (biological, earth and space sciences, physical and chemical sciences), and pedagogical content knowledge for teaching science. Learning will be active, collaborative and experiential, with a focus on the application of science understandings and inquiry skills that are aligned to the curriculum for early and primary learning.

Through active participation, pre-service teachers will develop a deep understanding of and ability to use a range of scientific inquiry methods and pedagogies, including questioning, planning and conducting experiments and investigations, collecting and analysing data, evaluating results and drawing critical, evidence-based conclusions. First-hand experience with an inquiry-based approach to science teaching and learning will ensure that pre-service teachers are able to transfer their knowledge and skills effectively to early childhood and primary contexts. The learning and teaching strategy is achieved through a range of learning activities including hands-on engagement, reading and viewing a range of resources, reflection and discussion.

ACECQA Curriculum Specifications

In connection to the learning outcomes, on successful completion of this unit, pre-service teachers should have developed the following industry specific knowledge based on the Australian Children's Education and Care Quality Authority (ACECQA) standards:

  • Relating to

    Child health, wellbeing and safety

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO5

  • Relating to

    Learners with special/additional needs

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO1, LO4

  • Relating to

    Alternative pedagogies and curriculum approaches

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO4, LO5

  • Relating to

    Teaching methods and strategies

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO2, LO4

  • Relating to

    Children with diverse needs and backgrounds

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO1, LO5

  • Relating to

    The Australian curriculum

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO3

  • Relating to

    Numeracy, science and technology

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO1, LO2, LO3, LO4, LO5

  • Relating to

    Social and environmental education

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO1, LO3

  • Relating to

    Curriculum planning, programming and evaluation

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO4, LO5

Australian Professional Standards for Teachers - Graduate Level

In connection to the learning outcomes, on successful completion of this unit, pre-service teachers should have developed the following industry specific knowledge based on the Australian Professional Standards for Teachers - Graduate Level standards:

  • Relating toDemonstrate knowledge and understanding of research into how students learn and the implications for teaching.

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO4, LO5

  • Relating toDemonstrate knowledge and understanding of strategies for differentiating teaching to meet the specific learning needs of students across the full range of abilities.

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO1, LO4, LO5

  • Relating toDemonstrate knowledge and understanding of the concepts, substance and structure of the content and teaching strategies of the teaching area.

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO1, LO3, LO4

  • Relating toOrganise content into an effective learning and teaching sequence.

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO3, LO4, LO5

  • Relating toUse curriculum, assessment and reporting knowledge to design learning sequences and lesson plans.

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO3, LO4, LO5

  • Relating toDemonstrate broad knowledge of, understanding of, and respect for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander histories, cultures and languages.

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO1

  • Relating toKnow and understand literacy and numeracy teaching strategies and their application in teaching areas.

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO2, LO4

  • Relating toImplement teaching strategies for using ICT to expand curriculum learning opportunities for students.

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO2, LO4, LO5

  • Relating toSet learning goals that provide achievable challenges for students of varying abilities and characteristics.

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO3

  • Relating toPlan lesson sequences using knowledge of student learning, content and effective teaching strategies.

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO1, LO4

  • Relating toInclude a range of teaching strategies.

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO1, LO4, LO5

  • Relating toDemonstrate knowledge of a range of resources, including ICT, that engage students in their learning.

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO2, LO4

  • Relating toDemonstrate the capacity to organise classroom activities and provide clear directions.

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO1, LO5

  • Relating toDescribe strategies that support students’ wellbeing and safety working within school and/or system, curriculum and legislative requirements.

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO1, LO5

  • Relating toDemonstrate understanding of assessment strategies, including informal and formal, diagnostic, formative and summative approaches to assess student learning.

    Relevant Learning OutcomeLO4, LO5

Australian Institute for Teaching and School Leadership (AITSL) Core Content

On successful completion of this unit, pre-service teachers should have developed the following industry specific knowledge based on the AITSL Core Content:

  • Relating toThe most effective teaching practices to reduce cognitive overload, including explicit instruction, scaffolding, and clearly structured content that connects new information to prior learning. 

    Relevant learningLO4, LO5

  • Relating toThe key features of coherent and deliberate planning and sequencing of tasks and lessons including curriculum-aligned learning objectives, clear descriptions of how students will show evidence of mastery, the common progression of learning in a subject area and the critical curriculum knowledge needed for students to progress. 

    Relevant learningLO1, LO4, LO5

  • Relating toHow to plan a sequence of lessons that incorporate spacing and retrieval practice, build upon each other, meet students where they are in their learning and help students retrieve past learning and consolidate it in long-term memory. 

    Relevant learningLO4, LO5

  • Relating toHow to explicitly deliver reading and writing instruction through discipline and discipline-specific curriculum and pedagogical studies as outlined in standard 4.2.

    Relevant learningLO2, LO4, LO5

  • Relating toHow to deliver explicit numeracy instruction followed by a progressive removal of scaffolding as students become more proficient through a combination of underpinning mathematical concepts and skills (numerical, spatial, graphical, statistical, and algebraic); mathematical thinking and strategies; and general thinking skills as appropriate to discipline and discipline-specific curriculum and pedagogical studies as outlined in standard 4.2.  

    Relevant learningLO2, LO4, LO5

  • Relating toThe content covered in the Australian Curriculum Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Histories and Cultures cross-curriculum priority across stages and subjects.  

    Relevant learningLO1, LO3

Representative texts and references

Recommended Texts and Documents

Dawson, V., & Venville, G. (Eds.). (2022). The art of teaching primary school science (2nd ed.). Allen & Unwin.

Skamp, K., & Preston, C. (Eds.). (2021). Teaching primary science constructively (7th ed.). Cengage Learning Australia.

Australian Curriculum, https://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/

Early Years Learning Framework,

Relevant State and territory curriculum and syllabus documents

Primary Connections: https://primaryconnections.org.au/about-program/using-new-primary-connections-website

Recommended References

Allen, M. (2019). Misconceptions in primary science. (3rd ed.). Open University Press.

Bybee, R. W. (2009). The BSCS 5e instructional model and 21st century skills. A commissioned paper prepared for a workshop on exploring the intersection of science education and the development of 21st century skills. Retrieved from https://sites.nationalacademies.org/cs/groups/dbassesite/documents/webpage/dbasse_073327.pdf

Higgins, M. (2021). Unsettling responsibility in science education: Indigenous science, deconstruction,, and the multicultural science education debate. Palgrave Macmillan.

Jones, M., Geiger, V., Falloon, G., Fraser, S., Beswick, K., Holland-Twining, B., & Hatisaru, V. (2024). Learning contexts and visions for STEM in schools. International Journal of Science Education, 47(3), 337–357. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2024.2323032

Kennedy, T., & Miles, M. (2024). Indigenous science can help solve some of the great problems of our time. Here’s how. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/indigenous-science-can-help-solve-so me-of-the-great-problems-of-our-time-heres-how-236597

Layton, D. (2023). Care ethics and fake news: How Nel Noddings’ education reform proposal can help address the fake news problem. Teaching Ethics, 23(1), 63–78. https://doi.org/10.5840/tej2023627129

Loxley, P., Dawes, L., Nicholls, L., & Dore, B. (2017). Teaching primary science: Promoting enjoyment and developing understanding (3rd ed.). Taylor and Francis.

Mavuru, L. (2025) Reimagining indigenous knowledge in a multicultural science classroom. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 29(3), 344-360. DOI: 10.1080/13603116.2022.2127498

Primary Connections: https://primaryconnections.org.au/about-program/using-new-primary-connections-website 

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