Unit rationale, description and aim

This unit is required because Master of Public Health graduates must be equipped with the knowledge, critical reflexive skills and culturally safe practice capabilities necessary to work ethically and effectively with and for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, and to address Indigenous health inequities in ways that uphold Indigenous rights, self‑determination and national public health competency expectations. The unit, grounded in Indigenous Ways of Being, Knowing and Doing, examines the social, historical and political context of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health (e.g. ongoing impacts of colonisation), strengths-based determinants (culture, community, Country), and Indigenous-led models of care. The connection between pre/post-colonisation history and contemporary determinants will be identified. Students will develop skills in responsibly interpreting and communicating comparative health indicators, applying national and state/territory policy frameworks and practicing reflexive, culturally safe engagement through Indigenous pedagogies such as yarning, co-design and discussion of the management of discomfort and allyship. Critical reflexivity will be included to engage with colonisation, racism, power, privilege, and identity. Learner and/or practitioners will examine their positionality, how their worldview shapes public health interpretation and practice, the structural forces of colonisation, racism, power relations, and systems and how professional roles and institutions reinforce inequity.  Indigenous health will be introduced in relation to National and State frameworks and Indigenous-led models of care at a National and State level. This unit aims to build cultural awareness, an ability to critically analyse and respond to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health inequities in ways that are aligned with national Indigenous public health competencies, Indigenous rights and self-determination. 

2027 10

Campus offering

No unit offerings are currently available for this unit.

Prerequisites

Nil

Learning outcomes

To successfully complete this unit you will be able to demonstrate you have achieved the learning outcomes (LO) detailed in the below table.

Each outcome is informed by a number of graduate capabilities (GC) to ensure your work in this, and every unit, is part of a larger goal of graduating from ACU with the attributes of insight, empathy, imagination and impact.

Explore the graduate capabilities.

Describe and interpret comparative Aboriginal and ...

Learning Outcome 01

Describe and interpret comparative Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health indicators; critique deficit discourse in health indicator reporting; compare health indicators to public health priorities and resource allocation with reference to national and relevant state/territory frameworks
Relevant Graduate Capabilities: GC1, GC2, GC5, GC7

Critically analyse determinants of Aboriginal and ...

Learning Outcome 02

Critically analyse determinants of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health through the lens of Indigenous Ways of Being, Knowing and Doing, including the social, historical and political context of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health (including the ongoing impacts of colonisation) and strengths-based determinants (culture, community, Country) against standards and health outcome measures appropriate for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health services
Relevant Graduate Capabilities: GC1, GC2, GC5, GC6, GC7, GC8

Critically evaluate evidence for Aboriginal and To...

Learning Outcome 03

Critically evaluate evidence for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander public health policies and programs, delivered through Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Controlled Health Organisations (ATICCHS) or the Queensland Aboriginal and Islander Health Council (QAIHC) or the Institute for Urban Indigenous Health (IUIH);
Relevant Graduate Capabilities: GC1, GC2, GC5, GC6, GC7, GC8

Demonstrate (self) reflexive public health practic...

Learning Outcome 04

Demonstrate (self) reflexive public health practice by articulating how positionality, professional roles and organisational contexts shape ethical, culturally safe engagement with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and organisations.
Relevant Graduate Capabilities: GC1, GC2, GC5, GC6, GC7, GC8

Content

Topics will include:

Context

  • Indigenous Ways of Being, Knowing and Doing; Diversity of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander nations, cultures and languages;
  • Histories, sovereignty and colonisation: pre and post-colonisation health, colonisation and settlement, protection and assimilation, early colonial policies
  • Comparative health indicators and impact: Indigenous Data Sovereignty (IDS) principles and responsible, strengths-based communication (e.g., countering deficit discourse, consented use of imagery). interpret data through strengths-based or Indigenous Data Sovereignty frames, burden of disease (including mental health and suicide, maternal and child health, non-communicable disease), mortality, morbidity, health service access, system mistrust


Determinants of Indigenous health

  • Social, cultural and political determinants: housing, remoteness, education, employment, justice, culture, Country, racism, self-determination, colonisation Indigenous health and public health; state and national frameworks (e.g. Queensland health equity frameworks for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples)
  • Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Controlled Health Organisations (ATICCHS); Queensland original and Islander Health Council (QAIHC); Institute for Urban Indigenous Health (IUIH); Indigenous-led models of care: origins, principles, governance, case studies.
  • Policy frameworks and strategies: Closing the Gap, state/territory strategies, key legislation and national agreements


Program design, data collection, resourcing and partnerships

  • Program design and evaluation: Indigenous health promotion, Compare mainstream and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Controlled Health Organisations; prevention and community development, including strengths-based and decolonising approaches including positionality mapping, critical incident analysis, self-location. community perspectives dialogic/yarning assessments, collective learning approaches
  • Indigenous research methodologies (e.g., yarning, decolonising methods) and implications for public health knowledge production; 
  • Research, ethics and evidence: Indigenous research ethics guidelines (NHMRC IREC ethics)
  • Resource allocation: equity and priority setting in Indigenous health programs
  • Working in partnership: co-design, shared decision-making, supporting culturally safe and respectful engagement with First Nations communities. Role of Elders 


Critical reflexivity and professional identity

  • Engaging with colonisation, racism, power, privilege, and identity to increase cultural capability
  • Learner and/or practitioner interrogation of: their positionality (culture, privilege, identity, power); how their worldview shapes interpretation and practice; the structural forces of colonisation, racism, power relations, and systems; how professional roles and institutions reinforce inequity

Assessment strategy and rationale

This unit will include three assessment tasks, comprising written activities. The assessment strategy allows students to progressively develop their knowledge and skills.

In the first assessment, students will undertake a critical data briefing applying Indigenous Data Sovereignty principles to critique deficit discourse in health indicator reporting.

In the second assessment, students will critique a current Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander public health policy or program, drawing on Indigenous evaluation frameworks (e.g. NHMRC IREC ethics, ACCHOs governance principles, decolonising methodologies).

In the third assessment, students will generate a reflexive practice portfolio comprising a curated set of short reflections and artefacts demonstrating reflexive engagement with unit themes, positionality and practice implications.

To pass the unit, students must demonstrate achievement of every unit learning outcome and obtain a minimum mark of 50% in this unit.

Overview of assessments

Assessment 1: Written assessment Critical data b...

Assessment 1: Written assessment

Critical data briefing applying Indigenous Data Sovereignty principles to critique deficit discourse in health indicator reporting.  (800 words)

Weighting

20%

Learning Outcomes LO1
Graduate Capabilities GC1, GC2, GC5, GC7, GC9, GC10, GC11

Assessment 2: Written assessment Report critiqui...

Assessment 2: Written assessment

Report critiquing a current Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander public health policy or program, drawing on Indigenous evaluation frameworks (, e.g., NHMRC IREC ethics, ACCHOs governance principles, decolonising methodologies) . (1500 words)

Weighting

40%

Learning Outcomes LO1, LO2, LO3
Graduate Capabilities GC1, GC2, GC5, GC6, GC7, GC8, GC9, GC10, GC11

Assessment 3:  Reflexive practice portfolio....

Assessment 3:  Reflexive practice portfolio.

This will comprise a curated set of short reflections and artefacts demonstrating reflexive engagement with unit themes, positionality and practice implications. (1500 words)


Weighting

40%

Learning Outcomes LO1, LO2, LO3, LO4
Graduate Capabilities GC1, GC2, GC4, GC5, GC7, GC8, GC9, GC10, GC11

Learning and teaching strategy and rationale

This unit will apply Indigenous epistemologies and pedagogies - Indigenous Ways of Being, Knowing and Doing - to strengthen its authenticity and legitimacy. Indigenous Cultural Advice has been sought and involved in the co-design of the unit. Critical reflexivity and culturally safe engagement will be practiced through Indigenous pedagogies such as yarning, Elder‑ or community‑led teaching, Country‑based learning, or other Indigenous learning modalities, relational learning and co-design and discussion of the management of discomfort and allyship. Where appropriate lectures, tutorials, and small group discussions on specialised topics will be conducted and use made of videos and case studies.

Representative texts and references

Recommended:

Askew, D., Brady, K., Mukandi, B., Singh, D., Sinha, T., Brough, M. & Bond, C. (2020). Closing the gap between rhetoric and practice in strengths-based approaches to Indigenous public health: a qualitative study. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 44(2), 102–105.

Chamberlain et al (2025) Replanting the Birthing Trees: A Call to Transform Intergenerational Trauma into Cycles of Healing and Nurturing Genealogy MDPI AG doi: 10.3390/genealogy9020052

Cohen et al (2021) Tobacco Related Attitudes and Behaviours in Relation to Exposure to the Tackling Indigenous Smoking Program: Evidence from the Mayi Kuwayu Study Environmental Research and Public Health

Finlay et al (2025) Commissioning stronger evaluations of Indigenous health and wellbeing programs: A scoping review of government and non-government Indigenous evaluation commissioning practices The Lowitja Journal 3; 1000892025

Henson C et al (2024) Wearables are a viable digital health tool for older Indigenous adults living remotely in Australia (research) Digital Health, 10

Making Tracks Together Queensland’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Equity Framework 2021 health-equity-framework.pdf

Martin-Booran Mirraboopa, K. (2003). Ways of knowing, being and doing: A theoretical framework and methods for indigenous and indigenist re‐search. Journal of Australian Studies, 27(76), 203–214. https://doi.org/10.1080/14443050309387838

Moreton-Robinson A. (2015). The White Possessive: Property, Power, and Indigenous Sovereignty. University of Minnesota Press. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5749/j.ctt155jmpf

Phillips, G. (2016). Ms Dhu coronial findings show importance of teaching doctors and nurses about unconscious bias. The Conversation, 20 December.

Prehn at al (2025) Implementing Indigenous Data Sovereignty in Australia: A Five-Phase Framework for Indigenous Data Governance Australian Journal of Social Issues 0,1-13 Implementing Indigenous Data Sovereignty in Australia: A Five‐Phase Framework for Indigenous Data Governance

Watego, C. J., Singh, D., Yeh, K. Y., Kajlich, H. & Singh, S. (2025). Taking up the challenge of eliminating racism in health care through talking about race (and culture). The Medical Journal of Australia, 223(1), 4–8.


Additional resources:

AHPRA The National Scheme’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health and Cultural Safety Strategy 2020-2025 National-Scheme-s-Aboriginal-and-Torres-Strait-Islander-Health-and-Cultural-Safety-Strategy-2020-2025.PDF

AIATSIS Code of Ethics for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Research (2020) AIATSIS Code of Ethics for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Research

Australian Government, Productivity Commission (2020) Indigenous Evaluation Strategy

Australian Government Closing the Gap | Closing The Gap report 2020 

Commonwealth of Australia 2025 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Plan (2021–2031) The National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Plan 2021–2031 | Australian Government Department of Health, Disability and Ageing

National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation (NACCHO) Annual Report 2024-2025 NACCHO_AnnualReport2024–25.pdf

NHMRC Indigenous Research Guidelines (2018) Ethical guidelines for research with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples | NHMRC

Maiam nayri Wingara. (2018). Indigenous Data Sovereignty Communique Indigenous Data Sovereignty Summit 20th June 2018, Canberra, ACT. MnW Principles — Maiam Nayri Wingara

Public Health Indigenous Leadership in Education (PHILE) Network 2016, National Aboriginal and Torres Strait islander Public Health Curriculum Framework: 2nd Edition, PHILE, Canberra.

Queensland Aboriginal and Islander Health Council Annual Report 2024-2025 0908-qaihc-annual-report-2025_final_lr.pdf

Linda Tuhiwai Smith. Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples, 2nd ed. London: Zed Books, 2012.

Walter, M., & Suina, M. (2019). Indigenous data, indigenous methodologies and indigenous data sovereignty. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 22(3), 233–243. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2018.1531228



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