Unit rationale, description and aim

A thorough understanding of the principles of anatomy and physiology is essential to conduct biomedical research or work in any health-related profession. By building on the foundations laid down in BIOL125, this unit expands students’ understanding of human body function by discussing the endocrine, integumentary, digestive, urinary, reproductive, and immune systems and their changes across the lifespan. Students will be introduced to foundation-level embryology as well as the human body's response to pathogens, stress, and injury. Elementary concepts of pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy will also be introduced. The aim of this unit, together with the prerequisite BIOL125, is to provide students with an understanding of the structure and function of all organ systems in the human body. 

2026 10

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Prerequisites

BIOL125 Human Biology 1

Incompatible

BIOD126 Human Biology 2 , BIOL121 Human Biological Science 1 , BIOL122 Human Biological Science 2

Learning outcomes

To successfully complete this unit you will be able to demonstrate you have achieved the learning outcomes (LO) detailed in the below table.

Each outcome is informed by a number of graduate capabilities (GC) to ensure your work in this, and every unit, is part of a larger goal of graduating from ACU with the attributes of insight, empathy, imagination and impact.

Explore the graduate capabilities.

Discuss the structure and function of the endocrin...

Learning Outcome 01

Discuss the structure and function of the endocrine, integumentary, digestive, urinary, immune, and reproductive systems across the lifespan, and embryonic and foetal development
Relevant Graduate Capabilities: GC1, GC7, GC12

Discuss the human body’s response to metabolic cha...

Learning Outcome 02

Discuss the human body’s response to metabolic changes, stress, injury, and infectious agents
Relevant Graduate Capabilities: GC1, GC2, GC12

Describe the basic principles of pharmacology, inc...

Learning Outcome 03

Describe the basic principles of pharmacology, including formulations, routes of drug administration, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
Relevant Graduate Capabilities: GC1, GC2

Content

Topics will include: 

  • Selected organ systems; their components, interactions and control, functions, roles in maintaining homeostasis, and changes across the lifespan: 
  • Endocrine system 
  • Integumentary system 
  • Digestive system 
  • Urinary system 
  • Reproductive system, including fertilisation and pregnancy 
  • Lymphatic system and immunity 
  • The main steps of embryological and foetal development
  • Introduction to pathophysiology
  • Cellular adaptation, inflammation, oedema and healing 
  • Infection, infection control and prevention 
  • Introduction to pharmacology 

Assessment strategy and rationale

The assessment strategy is designed to help students reach the learning objectives of the unit in a stepwise manner via a variety of assessment tasks.

Formative assessments will be provided in the form of knowledge checks, which are online, multiple-choice quizzes that present questions similar to those used in summative assessments.

Assessment Task 1: In-class test

This task is an in-class test where students are assessed on how well they understand the content from first weeks of the semester. This test helps students prepare for the final examination with respect to developing study techniques and answering written questions.

Assessment Task 2: Written assessment with oral component

This task helps students to develop their understanding of human biology. This task will have two parts - (i) a written task, and (ii) an in-person oral question-and-answer session to assure their learning of the written topic.

Assessment Task 3: Examination

This task assesses all learning material covered in the unit, providing students with an opportunity to demonstrate understanding, consolidation and application of their knowledge.

In order to pass this unit, students must demonstrate achievement of every learning outcome and obtain a minimum mark of 50% for the unit.

Overview of assessments

In-class test   The in-class test enabl...

In-class test  

The in-class test enables students to demonstrate their consolidation of knowledge. 

Weighting

25%

Learning Outcomes LO1, LO2
Graduate Capabilities GC1, GC7

Written assessment with oral component Stude...

Written assessment with oral component

Students are encouraged to use written and oral skills to demonstrate integration and application of the learning material. 

Weighting

35%

Learning Outcomes LO1, LO2
Graduate Capabilities GC1, GC2, GC7, GC12

Examination This task allows students to demonstr...

Examination

This task allows students to demonstrate their understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the human body as well as introductory pathophysiology and pharmacology.

Weighting

40%

Learning Outcomes LO1, LO2, LO3
Graduate Capabilities GC1, GC2, GC7

Learning and teaching strategy and rationale

This unit uses an active approach with interactive lecture chats and workshops and guided online learning activities. Students are expected to engage in both the guided online learning activities and the interactive classes each week. The online learning activities allow in-depth exploration of concepts to build the foundational knowledge necessary to successfully meet the learning outcomes and include knowledge checks to self-assess understanding of content prior to weekly classes. Lecture chat sessions and workshops reinforce key concepts introduced in the online learning activities and offer an opportunity to engage with the material in a supportive and friendly environment. In workshops, students consolidate their knowledge whilst working collaboratively in activities such as case studies, data collection and interpretation. Active participation is encouraged to assist students in acquiring essential knowledge.

Representative texts and references

Representative texts and references

Bullock, S. & Manias, E. (2022). Fundamentals of pharmacology (9th ed.). Pearson Australia.  

Cotran, R. S., & Robbins, S. L. (2025). Robbins, Cotran & Kumar pathologic basis of disease (V. Kumar, A. K. Abbas, J. C. Aster, J. Debnath, & A. Das, Eds.; Eleventh edition.). Elsevier.

Hall, J.E., & Hall, M.E. (2025) Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology (15th ed.). Elsevier Philadelphia. 

Knights, K. M., Darroch, S., Rowland, A., & Bushell, M. (2023). Pharmacology for health professionals  (6th ed.). Elsevier Australia.  

Kumar, V. (2023). Robbins and Kumar basic pathology (V. Kumar, A. K. Abbas, J. C. Aster, A. T. Deyrup, & A. Das, Eds.; Eleventh edition.). Elsevier.

Lee, G. & Bishop, P. (2016). Microbiology and infection control for health professionals (6th ed.). Pearson Australia.

Marieb, E. N., & Keller, S. M. (2021). Essentials of human anatomy & physiology (13th ed.). Pearson San Francisco.

Martini, F., Nath, J.L., & Bartholomew, E.F. (2018). Fundamentals of anatomy and physiology (11th ed.). Pearson San Francisco.

Saladin, K.S., Gan, C.A. & Cushman, H.N. (2021). Anatomy & physiology: The unity of form and function (9th ed.). McGraw Hill New York.

Tortora, G.T., Derrickson, B., Burkett, B., Cooke, J., DiPietro, F., Diversi, T., Dye, D., Engel, A., Green, H., Macartney, M., McKean, M., Peoples, G., & Summers, S. (2022). Principles of anatomy and physiology (3rd Asia-Pacific ed.). Wiley Australia.

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